Published by Oliemans Punter & Partners BV, The Netherlands

INTRODUCTION

General
Many volatile compounds have beenidentified in food products, as well as in water and air.
The importance of these compoundsfor the odour or aroma of foods and drinks as well as their
contribution to odour pollution ofair and water can be assessed if their concentrations and odour
threshold values are known.
In order to facilitate thisassessment already in 1977 compilations were published on odour thresholdvalues in air and water as accurate and exhaustive as possible^（１）. In the following years a number ofcumulative supplements have been prepared, the last one in 1984^（２）. Based on the original compilation, itssupplement and some additional data the threshold values in air werestandardized andthe results of this were published^（３）．
The present compilations containalmost 8,000 individual threshold values. In total about 1350
references are listed and thenumber of compounds ranges from approximately 570 for the compilation withodour threshold values in other media, to approximately 1580 for thecompilation with odour threshold values in water. The one for air containsthreshold values for about 1150 compounds.
Types of odour thresholds
Two types of odour thresholds,i.e. the absolute and the difference threshold, can be distinguished.
The detection and the recognitionthresholds are absolute thresholds. The first being the minimum
concentration which can bedetected without any requirements to identify or recognize the stimulus, whilethe second one is the minimum concentration at which a stimulus can beidentified or recognized.
Detection and recognitionthreshold values are listed and if known, indicated as such. Difference
thresholds, the smallest change inconcentration of a substance required to give a perceptible change, are notlisted.
It is assumed that all thresholdvalues obtained by direct sniffing are based on perception by the sense ofsmell. But, of course, other modalities, like the common chemical sense, can beinvolved too.
Definition of threshold value
There are different definitions orcalculation methods for the threshold value. These vary from
defining the threshold value asthe lowest (most sensitive subject) detection threshold to the highest (mostinsensitive subject) recognition threshold. Standardization based on comparisonof these different interpretations has not been applied.
Concentration units
A great diversity of concentrationunits is used in the literature. For comparison reasons all data have beenconverted, if necessary, to mg/m3 for odour threshold values in air and tomg/kg for those in water and in other media. Most conversions are straightforward. Due to the differences between the relevant tables, this is not thecase with the conversion of threshold values in air reported as dilution factorsfor the saturated vapour or as vapour pressure values. Thresholds valuesconverted in this way may vary up to 20 % depending on the formula used.
For the conversion of thethreshold values in water or other media volume units to weight units the
specific weight of the volatilecompound or media was not taken into account, i.e. it was supposed
be unity.

Gaschromatography-Olfactometryand odour threshold values in air
In a number of references just the amount injected into thegaschromatograph is reported as threshold value. For conversion into weight pervolume units it was assumed that the amount injected was diluted in 100 ml airwhen smelling.
Media
There are three different compilations in this publication. Thosefor odour threshold values in air or water have been published before^(1,4).This time also odour threshold values determined in media other than air orwater are listed. In this compilation after every threshold value the medium isshortly described.
Original sources
Only data from original references have been compiled, i.e. frompublications in which the actual
determination of the threshold values is described, or in which thevalues are given for the first time. Same groups or laboratories report thresholdvalues without reference to the earlier published articles in which thethreshold value was reported for the first time. In such cases publications -from the same group - are referred to in which the threshold value is reported.
Nomenclature
In general the rules for the nomenclature from the InternationalUnion of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUP AC) have been followed. A number oftrivial names is included with reference to the systematic names. Data forapparent mixtures or for compounds with incomplete names (for instance, chloronitrobenzenewithout an indication of the position of the substituents) have not been included.An exception was made for mixtures of (Z)-and (E)-geoisomers, (R)-and(S)-enantiomers (and diastereoisomers) and cis/trans configuration epimers.
Organization of thecompilations
In all three compilations the compounds are listed alphabetically,ignoring structural prefixes. For each compound the data are givenchronologically. The references are quoted by author(s) and the year in whichthe relevant article bas been published. Full titles are given in the list ofreferences.
Other compilations
Compilations on taste or flavour thresholds values in water andother media are being prepared at the moment. These compilations will also beavailable in the future.
Acknowledgements
Many persons have contributed in some way or another to thecompilations during the past 30 years. Some were helpful in finding articleswith threshold data, others suggested improvements in the nomenclature,including the trivial names, of the chemical compounds and a few had commentson the conversion of the concentration units. All contributions are appreciatedvery much. And I am grateful to Pieter Punter of Oliemans Punter & PartnersBV, who enabled the pub:
this compilation. The Edition 2003 contains the same threshold dataas the first printing ⁽⁵⁾.
Your comments are welcomed
A lot of effort and hard work bas been put into the compilations inorder to make these as accurate and complete as possible. But, it is impossibleto exclude errors or to find all available information. Therefore, I would bevery grateful if users of these compilations could inform me of any errors or
omissions.
Leo van Gemert, Zeist,The Netherlands

只列了一部分，还有很多微量成分

如果用更准确的定量结果计算OAV就更好了。

嗯，现在发外文只用内标法定量老外不认可，需要外标法了，难点就是配置合适的基质。

这些物质在水介质体系下的阈值咧？

1、内标法应该只能算是一个半定量吧，而且针对于你分析这么多物质，极性相差很大，用一个内标进行半定量应该也是不合适的吧？
2、SPME定量你认为准确吗？就算你选择合适的基质，你如何排除各个组分在萃取头上的竟争吸附的关系？
3、在实验之前，你是如何确定的SPME的吸附与解吸附条件的，是通过做正交试验或者响应面的实验确立的吗？确定参数是依据sum peak area，还是根据各个物质的吸附情况来判断的呢？
4、阈值是查出来的，是不是在样品基质中的阈值呢？
5、香气之间的协同与抑制现象，那应该如何去考虑呢？是不是1+ 1>2呢？或者。。。

浓度计算只是采用内标法还是内标标曲法？
SPME加内标计算浓度的准确度高吗？如果不高，那再用该浓度计算OAV时，误差是否会更大呢。
我做过相关的工作发外文期刊，可是内标法计算浓度却不被老外接收，一直没有被接收……

SPME这种技术可以准确定量吗？涉及到分配平衡的问题，我只是感觉很难说清楚