周围建筑物对龙卷风导致的底层建筑物风载荷的影响

Low-rise buildings located in the urban areas are generally surrounded by buildings of similar size. The interference of surrounding buildings has been found to be significant on wind loads in straight-line winds. In this study, systematic experiments of tornado-induced wind loads and flow patterns around a typical low-rise gable-roof building with different layouts of surrounding buildings were carried out in a laboratory. Effects of spacing, height ratios of the surrounding buildings to the test building and specific building orientations were considered. The results indicate that the reduction of the horizontal load is caused by sheltering effect from the surrounding buildings. The uplift load, however, could increase or decrease dependent on building orientation, layout and the type of the surrounding buildings. The complicated flow patterns around the test building are discussed and correlated to the wind loads. This study would improve the understanding of tornado-induced loads on a low-rise gable-roof building