《电化学原理、方法和应用》English版 1

Electrochemistry Principles, Methods, and Applications.part1.rar 444pdf OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS PREFACE Electrochemistry has undergone significant transformations in the last few decades. It is not now the province of academics interested only in measuring thermodynamic properties of solutions or of industrialists using electrolysis or manufacturing batteries, with a huge gulf between them. It has become clear that these two, apparently distinct subjects, and others, have a common ground and they have grown towards each other, particularly as a result of research into the rates of electrochemical processes. Such an evolution is due to a number of factors, but principally the possibility of carrying out reproducible, dynamic experiments under an ever-increasing variety of conditions with reliable and sensitive instrumentation. This has enabled many studies of a fundamental and applied nature to be carried out. The reasons for this book are twofold. First to show the all-pervasive and interdisciplinary nature of electrochemistry, and particularly of electrode reactions, through a description of modern electrochemistry. Secondly to show to the student and the non-specialist that this subject is not separated from the rest of chemistry, and how he or she can use it. Unfortunately, these necessities are, in our view, despite efforts over recent years, still very real. The book has been organized into three parts, after Chapter 1 as general introduction. We have begun at a non-specialized, undergraduate level and progressed through to a relatively specialized level in each topic. Our objective is to transmit the essence of electrochemistry and research therein. It is intended that the chapters should be as independent of one another as possible. The sections are: Chapters 2-6 on the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrode reactions, Chapters 7-12 on experimental strategy and methods, and Chapters 13-17 on applications. Also included are several appendices to explain the mathematical basis in more detail. It is no accident that at least 80 per cent of the book deals with current-volt age relations, and not with equilibrium. The essence of any chemical process is change, and reality reflects this. We have not filled the text with lots of details which can be found in the references given, and, where appropriate, we make ample reference to recent research literature. This is designed to kindle the enthusiasm and interest of the reader in recent, often exciting, advances in the topics described. A major preoccupation was with notation, given the traditionally different type of language that electrochemists have used in relation to viii Preface other branches of chemistry, such as exchange current which measures rate constants, and given differences in usage of symbols between different branches of electrochemistry. Differences in sign conventions are another way of confusing the unwary beginner. We have decided broadly to follow IUPAC recommendations. Finally some words of thanks to those who have helped and influenced us throughout our life as electrochemists. First to Professor W. J. Albery FRS, who introduced us to the wonders of electrochemistry and to each other. Secondly to our many colleagues and students who, over the years, with their comments and questions, have aided us in deepening our understanding of electrochemistry and seeing it with different eyes. Thirdly to anonymous referees, who made useful comments based on a detailed outline for the book. And last, but not least, to Oxford University Press for its interest in our project and enabling us to bring it to fruition. Coimbra C.M.A.B. May 1992 A.M.O.B.