仪器对比
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呼吸测量系统- ISO14855，ISO14852
诊断测试，测量和监视！
这是进行诊断试验的呼吸测量系统，测量和监测以下：
在好氧和厌氧生物反应过程
高温塑料降解
ISO 14855，ISO 14852
显示生物废水处理厂的活性
分析，分解效率的不同类型的材料在一个污水处理厂
分解废物，生物降解
微生物活性（药物的药房，生产）
- BOD和毒性
-呼吸测量（活动）的小动物
-生物活性（在呼出的空气）二氧化碳的浓度
-堆肥腐熟度
用于食品生产（发酵活性的葡萄酒生产和乳品工业
Applications
Management of plastics waste is a serious problem in the world. Plastics recovery technologies include material recovery (mechanical recycling, chemical or feedstock recycling, and biological or organic recycling) and energy recovery (heat, steam or electricity as a substitute for fossil fuels or other fuel resources). The use of biodegradable plastics is one valuable recovery option (biological or organic recycling).
Several ISO standards for determining the ultimate aerobic/anaerobic biodegradability of plastic materials have been published. ISO 14855-1 is a common test method that measures the amount of carbon dioxide evolved using methods such as continuous infrared analysis, gas chromatography or titration. In order to ensure the activity of the compost inoculums, inert material that gives the mixture the same texture as soil is mixed into the inoculums. The carbon dioxide evolved from the test vessel is determined by absorbing it in a carbon dioxide trap and carrying out gravimetric analysis of the absorbent. This method uses a closed system to capture the carbon dioxide evolved and can also be used to obtain valuable information, by means of isotopic-labeling studied, on the way in which the molecular structure of co-polymers degrades.
The instrument applies to the following materials:
- Natural and/or synthetic polymers and copolymers, and mixtures of these;
- Plastic materials that contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants;
- Water-soluble polymers;
- Materials that, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the activity of micro-organisms present in the inoculums.
Biodegradable plastics are now emerging as one of the options available to solve environmental problems, such as leakage of the plastic materials from closed- waste-management cycles into the environment. Plastic materials, such as products or packaging, which are sent to composting facilities, should be potentially biodegradable. Therefore it is very important to determine the potential biodegradability of such materials and to obtain an indication of their biodegradability in natural environments.
The biodegradability of plastic material is determined using aerobic microorganisms in an aqueous system. The test mixture contains an inorganic medium, the organic test material with a concentration between 100 mg/l and 2.000 mg/l of organic carbon, and activated sludge or a suspension of active soil or compost as the inoculums. The mixture is agitated in test flasks and aerated with carbon-dioxide-free air over a period of time depending on the biodegradation kinetics, but not exceeding 6 months. The carbon dioxide evolved during the microbial degradation is determined by a suitable analytical method.
The level of biodegradation is determined by comparing the amount of carbon dioxide evolved with the theoretical amount (ThCO2) and expressed in per cent. The test is the maximum level of biodegradation, determined from the plateau phase of the biodegradation curve. Optionally, a carbon balance may be calculated to give additional information on the biodegradation.
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