高温来袭天气预报遭质疑 气象局:仪器很客观
p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " strong 仪器信息网讯 /strong 7月以来,我国大部分地区出现高温天气过程,中央气象台持续发布高温预警。“百步冒汗蒸,千步似洗澡,右手遮阳伞,左手扇子摇。开一天空调,吃两盒雪糕,晒得真够劲,恰非洲同胞。”一首打油诗道出了全国多少人民凄惨的心。 /p p style=" text-align: center " img style=" max-width: 100% max-height: 100% width: 300px height: 184px " src=" https://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201907/uepic/667fdfc7-59c3-4942-afa3-ac33be6bbfcf.jpg" title=" 1_副本.png" alt=" 1_副本.png" width=" 300" height=" 184" border=" 0" vspace=" 0" / /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " 新闻联播主持人朱广权金句:热得你走出半生,归来全熟,身上还挂着椒盐;晒得你走出半生,归来仍是少年& #8230 & #8230 包青天! /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 炎炎夏日酷热难耐,总有人质疑,明明感觉已经超过40℃,天气预报却说不到35℃,预报员故意低报温度在给企业节省高温津贴?天气预报数据是怎么测出来的? /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 中国气象局曾经科普过:“高温低报”其实是不存在的。气象部门对预报员有着严格的检验和考评标准,温度和实况温度相差超过2℃,即被认定为预报失准。天气预报的温度决定了一个基调,是热还是凉。而温度恒定的情况下,湿度越大,人的体感温度越高;有风的情况下,空气流动可将身体散发出的热量吹离,体感温度降低;太阳照射时,体感温度会升高;在树荫底下或遮阳棚下,体感温度与太阳直接照射时不同;一般阴天与晴天人的体感温度相差4℃到6℃,甚至更大。此外,还有许多因素可导致人的体感温度与天气预报温度不同步。 /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 气象观测是预报服务的基础,观测业务的现代化是气象现代化的重要组成部分。随着气象科技和业务的发展,气象观测越来越趋向于自动化,观测内容越来越丰富。常用的气象观测仪器有百叶箱、湿度传感器、温度传感器、风速传感器、激光云高仪等。 /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /p p style=" text-align: center " a href=" https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/C190791.htm" target=" _self" style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) text-decoration: underline " span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) " strong span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) font-family: " times=" " new=" " 百叶箱 /span /strong /span /a strong span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " :温湿度观测 /span /strong /p p style=" text-align: center text-indent: 0em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span img style=" max-width: 100% max-height: 100% width: 300px height: 225px " src=" https://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201907/uepic/c3c54fe8-6d08-4e54-ad7b-afc0e89fed0c.jpg" title=" 2.jpg" alt=" 2.jpg" width=" 300" height=" 225" border=" 0" vspace=" 0" / /p p style=" text-indent: 2em text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px text-align: right " (图片来源于网络) /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 百叶箱是用来放置测定空气温度和湿度仪器的木箱,是气象站和观测场最醒目的标志之一。百叶箱须设在草坪上,离地面1.5米,周围较开阔,无高大建筑,树木等阻挡风或遮挡阳光。 /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " a href=" https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/C206389.htm" target=" _self" span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /a /p p style=" text-align: center " a href=" https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/C206389.htm" target=" _self" style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) text-decoration: underline " span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) " strong span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) font-family: " times=" " new=" " 湿度传感器 /span /strong /span /a strong span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " :湿度观测 /span /strong /p p style=" text-align: center text-indent: 0em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span img style=" max-width: 100% max-height: 100% width: 300px height: 296px " src=" https://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201907/uepic/33178be0-30dd-4c3e-9ab5-1ab048d5bd7a.jpg" title=" 3.jpg" alt=" 3.jpg" width=" 300" height=" 296" border=" 0" vspace=" 0" / /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " (图片来源于中国气象网) /span /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 湿度传感器安装在百叶箱内特制的支架上,位于百叶箱水平面的中心,电缆线由支架底部穿入管内,由管顶取出,传感器固定在横臂的夹子中,头部向下。 /span /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " /span /p p style=" text-align: center " a href=" https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/C332307.htm" target=" _self" style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) text-decoration: underline " span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) " strong span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) font-family: " times=" " new=" " 温度传感器 /span /strong /span /a strong span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " :温度观测 /span /strong /p p style=" text-align: center " img style=" max-width: 100% max-height: 100% width: 300px height: 184px " src=" https://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201907/uepic/cd8e880a-9cb6-486a-b814-ffd1dfc2a46c.jpg" title=" 4.jpg" alt=" 4.jpg" width=" 300" height=" 184" border=" 0" vspace=" 0" / /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " (图片来源于中国气象网) /span /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 温度传感器的电阻值随温度变化而变化,通过测量其电阻值推算出被测物体的温度。气象观测站中的空气温度、草面温度、浅层土壤温度、深层土壤温度都采用铂电阻温度传感器。 /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /p p style=" text-align: center " a href=" https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/C135033.htm" target=" _self" style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) text-decoration: underline " span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) " strong span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) font-family: " times=" " new=" " 风速传感器 /span /strong /span /a strong span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " :风的观测 /span /strong /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " /span img style=" max-width: 100% max-height: 100% width: 300px height: 153px " src=" https://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201907/uepic/ce7be450-78b3-4c30-be6d-5d5dca3571ee.jpg" title=" 5.jpg" alt=" 5.jpg" width=" 300" height=" 153" border=" 0" vspace=" 0" / /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " (图片来源于中国气象网) /span /p p style=" text-align: left text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " text-align:=" " text-indent:=" " 风杯风速传感器采用三杯式感应器,当风杯转动时,带动同轴的多齿截光盘转动,得到与风杯转速成正比的脉冲信号,由计数器计数换算后就能得出实际风速值。 /span /p p style=" text-align: center " a href=" https://www.instrument.com.cn/netshow/C265283.htm" target=" _self" style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) text-decoration: underline " span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) " strong span style=" color: rgb(49, 133, 155) font-family: " times=" " new=" " 激光云高仪 /span /strong /span /a strong span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " :云的观测 /span /strong /p p style=" text-align: center " img style=" max-width: 100% max-height: 100% width: 300px height: 193px " src=" https://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201907/uepic/06053d1b-bdb0-4970-a2a0-4c7865a1adf8.jpg" title=" 7_副本.jpg" alt=" 7_副本.jpg" width=" 300" height=" 193" border=" 0" vspace=" 0" / /p p style=" text-align: right " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " (图片来源于网络) /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " 激光云高仪采用激光束照射云体的方法,测量激光发射到接收间的时间,从而计算云中反射点的距离,通过对时间积分的方式确定云量。 /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " span style=" font-family: " times=" " new=" " /span /p p style=" text-align: left " span style=" font-family: 黑体, SimHei font-size: 14px " 高温来袭,仪器信息网提醒大家: /span br/ /p p style=" text-align: left " span style=" color: rgb(0, 176, 240) font-size: 14px " 暴晒别出门;外出要打伞;不渴也喝水;温度别极端;饮食加点苦;大汗后当心。 /span /p p style=" text-align: justify text-indent: 2em " br/ /p p br/ /p