扣人心弦的密度测定三部曲(前篇)
p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " strong span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 12pt " 密度知多少 /span /span /strong /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " br/ /span /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 作为衡量物质物理性质的典型指标之一,密度的概念对大多数人来说并不陌生。我们在初中物理课就学过,密度代表了物质每单位体积的质量。每种物质都有一定的密度,一般来讲,不同物质的密度不同。石头的密度要比水的密度大,所以石头会沉在水底。 /span /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " br/ /span /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 在科学研究中,密度测定有着广泛的应用,主要应用在鉴别组成物体的材料、计算物体中所含各种物质的成分、计算液体内部压强以及浮力等;而在工业生产中,密度测定经常会被应用在材料制造与加工、生物制药等行业,主要是用于检验成品、鉴别材料成分,或是生产报告研究,进而监督生产和进行质量控制。从本期开始,小O同学将依次从不同角度来理一理关于密度测定的那些技术活! /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " br/ /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " strong span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 12pt " 贴近生活才是王道——咳嗽糖浆的秘密 /span /span /strong /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " br/ /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 人活一辈子,谁还没有得过个发烧感冒的。每年的冬春两季都是呼吸道疾病的高发期,免疫力相对较弱的婴幼儿自然就成了病原体侵犯的首选对象。在多种 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 小儿呼吸道疾病 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 当中, /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 急性呼吸道感染最为常见,约占 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 儿科 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 门诊的 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 60% /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 以上,北方地区 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 的发病 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 率更高。 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 而对于小儿 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 呼吸道感染的防治,大多数的父母们都偏爱重视内部调理、治疗副作用小的中药, /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 这对于 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 免疫功能不成熟、抗病能力差的 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 婴幼儿 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 来说的确是比较好的治疗方案。其中,相比起形形色色的片剂来说,咳嗽糖浆味道适宜,吞咽方便,是特别受儿童欢迎也是比较有疗效的药物 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 。 /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " & nbsp /span /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " img title=" 图1.jpg" src=" http://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201806/insimg/d79dd215-9c7c-470f-a077-5fb0c5c9d570.jpg" / /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " & nbsp /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 小儿咳嗽糖浆属于糖浆剂,常温下呈浓稠状液体,糖浆剂中的蔗糖和芳香物质可以有效掩盖药物的苦、咸等不良气味,满足儿童的口味。但如果含蔗糖量过高,会导致糖浆甜味太重,过于粘稠,从而增加吞咽的难度 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " ,需要用温水送服,十分不便。同时,作为药用糖浆,《中国药典》 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 2015 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 年版制剂通则 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 0116 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 糖浆剂规定,含蔗糖量应不低于 /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 45% /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " ( /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " g/ml /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " )。由此可见,糖浆剂的含蔗糖量既不能过低,又不能过高。 /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " img width=" 333" height=" 334" title=" 图2.jpg" style=" width: 332px height: 333px " src=" http://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201806/insimg/8accd063-f897-4f10-9000-ad4b2085b71f.jpg" / /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 通常,含蔗糖量越高,糖浆剂的密度越大。因此,我们可以利用多次密度测定,找出糖浆密度和口感的关系,从而研制出既符合药典规定,又甜度适口的小儿咳嗽糖浆配方。 /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " & nbsp /span /p p span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " strong span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 12pt " 这年头玩技术也要才貌双全 /span /span /strong /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " br/ /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 云南某中药药业计划在产品出厂前由内部质量人员检测小儿咳嗽糖浆的密度, /span /span span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 为此提供了三瓶不同粘稠度的咳嗽糖浆样品。实验采用奥豪斯Adventurer AX 系列分析天平进行密度测定。 /span /span /span span style=" color: rgb(255, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 通过在空气中和糖浆中称量下沉锤的质量来测得糖浆密度。为使下沉锤在液体中受到的浮力恒定,在称量时,须使下沉锤完全浸没在测试液体中。如果液体过于黏稠,须轻压比重锤,使其浸没。另外,称量前须用搅拌棒充分搅拌,去除糖浆内的气泡。 /span /span /span span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 这是因为直径1mm气泡产生的浮力约为0.5mg,而直径2mm气泡产生的浮力竟高达4mg。 /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " img width=" 343" height=" 463" title=" 图3-1.jpg" style=" width: 342px height: 462px " src=" http://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201806/insimg/7021fc32-473c-4f3e-a615-7e8889564382.jpg" / /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " img width=" 342" height=" 467" title=" 图3-2.jpg" style=" width: 342px height: 467px " src=" http://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201806/insimg/f7c31da2-3ab0-485d-820c-6e68376afb4e.jpg" / /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " img width=" 399" height=" 551" title=" 图3-3.jpg" style=" width: 267px height: 367px " src=" http://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201806/insimg/257eebf6-5e67-4703-9ff2-a1a94200cabe.jpg" / /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " & nbsp /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 对奥豪斯天平家族有点了解的朋友们可能要问,AX天平到底是凭借哪些与众不同的魔力,成为了家族中对密度测定最有发言权的代表人物?很简单,当你看到一款颜值高的产品自然会不由自主地喜欢上它。但是说真的,小O看过的密度天平也不是一个两个了,像AX姐姐这样人美又nice的真的太少了! /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " & nbsp /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 密度测定功能选项和相应的密度组件对于大多数天平来说已经不是新鲜玩意了,但是我们的AX姐姐凭借温暖柔和的彩色显示触摸屏,配上全程详细的菜单指导,将复杂的密度测定流程变得简单容易,哪怕是初学者也能手把手地把你教会,这下你还担心记不住操作步骤吗?在下期关于固定密度测定的实验中,AX姐姐将有更多精彩的技术展现,敬请期待哦! /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: center " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " img width=" 400" height=" 399" title=" 图4.jpg" style=" width: 266px height: 267px " src=" http://img1.17img.cn/17img/images/201806/insimg/f8510eb1-d75d-4af9-b4f9-cb17524ebaa3.jpg" / /span /span /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " strong span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 12pt " 发!福!利! /span /span /strong /span /p p style=" text-align: justify " & nbsp /p p style=" text-align: justify " span style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 0) " span style=" font-family: 微软雅黑,sans-serif " span style=" font-size: 10.5pt " 好啦,激动人心的时刻来了!小O同学为你准备了一份珍贵而又全面的《密度测定操作指南》,一定是你玩转天平的葵花宝典,速速拨打我们的客服热线,并留下联系信息就有机会领取哦!关键是免费邮寄赠送,不要错过哦! /span /span /span /p