【分享】电容选型指南

大陆

2011/04/08

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物性测试综合讨论

原始出处：http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/data/capacitor/capacitor_typ

The table below gives and overview of the main characteristics of the various types of capacitor.

Capacitor types	Capacitance range	Accuracy	Temperature stability	Leakage	Comments & details
Electrolytic	0.1 µF - ~1 F	V poor	V poor	Poor	Polarised capacitor - widely used in power supplies for smoothing, and bypass where accuracy, etc is not required.
Ceramic	10 pF - 1 µF	Variable	Variable	Average	Exact performance of capacitor depends to a large extent on the ceramic used.
Tantalum	0.1 µF - 500 µF	Poor	Poor	Poor	Polarised capacitor - very high capacitance density.
Silver mica	1 pF - 3000 pF	Good	Good	Good	Rather expensive and large - not widely used these days except when small value accurate capacitors are needed.
Polyester (Mylar)	0.001 µF - 50 µF	Good	Poor	Good	Inexpensive, and popular for non-demanding applications.
Polystyrene	10 pF - 1 µF	V good	Good	V good	High quality, often used in filters and the like where accuracy is needed.
Polycarbonate	100 pF - 20 µF	V good	V good	Good	Used in many high tolerance and hash environmental conditions. Supply now restricted.
Polypropylene	100pF - 50 µF	V good	Good	V good	High performance and low dielectric absorption.
Teflon	100 pF - 1 µF	V good	V v good	V v good	High performance - lowest dielectric absorption.
Glass	10 pF - 1000 pF	Good	Good	V good	Excellent for very harsh environments while offering good stability. Very expensive.
Porcelain	100 pF - 0.1 µF	Good	Good	Good	Good long term stability
Vacuum and air	1 pF - 10 000 pF				Often used as variable capacitors in transmitters as a result of their very high voltage capability.

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大陆

第1楼2011/04/08

不难看出，电容差异主要在于介质材料。
电容密度最大的是电解电容，但是损耗大、精度低；
损耗最低，最稳定，耐压性能最好的电容是真空电容，但电容很难做高；
而兼顾电容大小和最低损耗，最稳定性能的电容无疑是特富龙电容，不过一般市面上很难买到；
市面上较容易买的特富龙电容的替代品，一般是聚丙烯电容。

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第2楼2011/04/08

世界上最优秀的电容、产商品牌型号(含网址)列举如下：

产地电容介质耐压参数(DCV) 美国市场零售价网址
Audience/Auricap 美国金属工艺聚丙烯 600 $14.76 www.auricap.com
Audio Consulting 瑞士油，薄膜和金属箔 1250 $65.00 www.audio-consulting.ch
Audio Note/Silver 英国聚酯和银箔 600 $155.80 www.audionote.co.uk
Cardas/Golden Ratio 美国金属工艺聚丙烯 600 $16.44 www.cardas.com
Hovland/Musicap 美国聚丙烯薄膜和金属箔 600 $11.52 www.hovlandcompany.com
Jensen/Aluminum 丹麦油浸纸和铝箔 400 $12.75 www.jensencapacitors.com

Jensen/Copper 丹麦油浸纸和铜箔 630 $19.00
Jupiter 美国蜂蜡纸和铝箔 600 $17.00 www.jupitercondenser.com
Mundorf/Supreme
Silver/Oil 德国金属工艺聚丙烯 1200 $20.40 www.mundorf.com
Mundorf/Supreme
Silver/Gold 德国金属工艺聚丙烯 1200 $32.90
Mundorf/Supreme 德国金属工艺聚丙烯 1200 $10.00
North Creek Music/
Crescendo 美国聚丙烯薄膜和金属箔 800 $8.95 www.northcreekmusic.com
REL/PPMT 美国金属工艺聚丙烯 600 $8.09 www.capacitors.com

REL/Exotica TFT 美国特氟隆和锡箔 600 $42.38
REL/Exotica PCU 美国聚丙烯和铜箔 600 $30.32
Solen/SM 法国聚丙烯薄膜和锡箔 630 $3.95 www.solen.ca
Solen/PPE 法国金属工艺聚丙烯 630 $1.35 www.solen.ca
TRT/Dynamicap 美国金属工艺聚丙烯 425 $11.95 www.trt-wonder.com
V-cap/TFTF 美国特氟隆和锡箔 600 $49.99 www.v-cap.com
Xicon 中国金属工艺聚丙烯 630 $0.73 www.mouser.com/xicon
Russian Military Surplus 前苏联特氟隆和锡箔 500 $2-3 http://www.machmat.com/sales/capateflon.htm