仪器信息网APP
选仪器、听讲座、看资讯

食品中农药残留问题现状

  • 吃饭请叫我
    2023/10/31
    小矮马
  • 私聊

生物制药

  • 食品中农药残留问题现状



    食品是人类赖以生存和繁衍的物质基础,食品安全则是关系到国计民生的重大问题。动植物产品在生长过程的源头污染及食品在生产过程中的非法添加是当前食品及农产品安全面临的主要问题,动植物源食品安全问题已成为人类关注的焦点[1,3]2012-2018年全国31省会/直辖市市售4万批次水果蔬菜样品农药残留普查显示,81.6%的样品检出残留农药,其中检出农药533种,共检出115981频次。2018-2019年,全国31个省会/直辖市360多个采样点,对7种茶叶4944例样品进行农药残留普查,共检出农药454种,41951频次。调查结果表明我国市售水果、蔬菜和茶叶农药残留普遍存在,形势不容乐观。流行病学研究表明,农药暴露与60余种慢性疾病相关[4,5]。动物源食品中的兽药残留也会影响人类的健康和生命安全。例如,四环素类药物残留容易引发人类的胃肠道紊乱和过敏反应[6],磺胺类药物残留增加了癌症的发病概率[7]显然,农兽药残留在人体内蓄积会引发一系列的疾病。

    农兽药种类繁多、品种复杂,不同的农兽药之间极性、溶解性、挥发性、稳定性各不相同。此外,人体中农兽药残留量甚微,且基质又非常复杂,水、蛋白质、脂肪、无机盐的存在,进一步增加了微量痕量农兽药提取、净化和检测的难度。在基质复杂的前提下,要想实现农兽药的高通量检测,选择合适的样品前处理方法至关重要。合适的样品前处理方法不仅可有效地除去目标物以外的杂质干扰,而且提高了测定的精确度和灵敏度,保护了仪器并延长其使用寿命。随着科学与技术的不断发展与进步,从传统的液液萃取和固相萃取前处理方法逐渐衍生出操作更加方便、快捷的磁性固相萃取和QuEChERS等新型前处理方法。近年来,农兽药残留的高通量前处理方法逐步发展成为研究热点之一[8-10]

    [1] Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives[J]. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2013, 268(2): 157-177.

    [2] Kudo K, Nagamatsu K, Umehara T, et al. Rapid and reliable screening method for detection of 70 pesticides in whole blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a constructed calibration-locking database[J]. Legal Medicine, 2012, 14(2): 93-100.

    [3] Xu X, Xu XY, Han M, Qiu ST, Hou X. Development of a modified QuEChERS method based on magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the simultaneous determination of veterinary drugs, pesticides and mycotoxins in eggs by UPLC-MS/MS[J]. Food Chemistry, 2019, 276: 419-426.

    [4] Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives[J]. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2013, 268(2): 157-177.

    [5] Sule RO, Condon L, Gomes AV. A common feature of pesticides: Oxidative stress-the role of oxidative stress in pesticide-induced toxicity[J]. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022, 9: 787438.

    [6] Roesch M, Perreten V, Doherr M G, et al. Comparison of antibiotic resistance of udder pathogens in dairy cows kept on organic and on conventional farms[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2006, 89(3): 989-997.

    [7] Huang X, Qiu N, Yuan D. Simple and sensitive monitoring of sulfonamide veterinary residues in milk by stir bar sorptive extraction based on monolithic material and high performance liquid chromatography analysis[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2009, 1216(46): 8240-8245.

    [8] Khaled A, Gionfriddo E, Acquaro Jr V, et al. Development and validation of a fully automated solid phase microextraction high throughput method for quantitative analysis of multiresidue veterinary drugs in chicken tissue[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2019, 1056: 34-46.

    [9] Mehl A, Hudel L, Bucker M, Morlock GE. Validated screening method for 81 multiclass veterinary drug residues in food via online-coupling high-throughput planar solid-phase extraction to high-performance liquid chromatography-orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2022, 70(35): 10886-10898.

    [10] Wang JQ, Zhao WT, Guo WP, Li YY, Jiang R, Li HC, Wang SW, Li ZG. Simultaneous screening and analysis of 155 veterinary drugs in livestock foods using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole linear-ion-trap mass spectrometry[J]. Food Chemistry, 2022, 393: 133260.

附件:

猜你喜欢最新推荐热门推荐更多推荐
举报帖子

执行举报

点赞用户
好友列表
加载中...
正在为您切换请稍后...