朝天水母(拉丁学名Cassiopea)生成的摄食和交换水流研究

2011/02/24   下载量： 11 次

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Understanding how the hydrodynamics of feeding, nutrient and gas exchange is affected by the morphology and orientation of jellyfish is important to distinguish their individual mechanisms of foraging. The differences between the currents generated by oblate medusa that rest on the ocean floor and the more commonly observed free-swimming medusa have previously not been explored. The pulsing kinematics and fluid flow around the upside-down jellyfish, Cassiopea spp., contained in laboratory aquaria is experimentally investigated using a combination of videography and digital particle image velocimetry measurements. The phase-averaged flow generated by bell pulsations is similar to a vertical jet, with induced flow velocities on the order of 1-10 mm/s. The bell margin is pushed downward during full contraction in a manner not previously observed in free-swimming medusae kinematics, due to the fact that the Cassiopea bell rests against a solid surface. This introduces a strong near-horizontal entrainment of the fluid toward the oral arms unlike the mostly upstream entrainment observed in free-swimming medusae. There is no evidence of the formation of a train of vortex rings as observed in oblate medusae exhibiting rowing propulsion. This is primarily due to the difference in the morphology of Cassiopea in which the oral arms extend to radial lengths greater than the maximum bell diameter. The resulting net fluid motion is not dominated by flow-reversal regions, suggesting that Cassiopea brings in new fluid with each bell pulse for the purposes of filter feeding, oxygen exchange and excretion.

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北京欧兰科技发展有限公司
金牌会员 丨 第17年
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