表1 原产地葡萄酒样品基本信息
Table 1 Basic information of wine samplesfrom different geographical origins
原产地 Origin | 品种 Variety | 年份 Vintage | 残糖(g/L) Residual sugar | 酒度(%, v/v) Ethanol | 数量 Number |
贺兰山东麓葡萄酒/HL | 赤霞珠、美乐、品丽珠、蛇龙珠 | 2012-2015 | 2.3-3.6 | 12.5-14.8 | 20 |
沙城葡萄酒/SC | 赤霞珠、美乐、品丽珠、蛇龙珠 | 2012-2015 | 1.9-3.4 | 12.4-13.8 | 20 |
通化山葡萄酒/TH | 双优、双红、北冰红、公酿1号 | 2012-2015 | 2.3-3.5 | 11.0-12.3 | 20 |
云南红葡萄酒/YNH | 玫瑰蜜、赤霞珠、美乐、法国野 | 2012-2015 | 1.4-3.1 | 11.2-12.2 | 20 |
表2 不同原产地葡萄酒中矿物元素含量(μg/L)
Table 2 Elemental concentrations in winesfrom different geographical origins
元素 Element | 贺兰山东麓 HL (n = 20) | 沙城 SC (n = 20) | 通化 TH (n = 20) | 云南红 YNH (n = 20) |
Li | 138.688 ± 29.272c | 45.837 ± 21.253b | 5.125 ± 2.437a | 5.867 ± 1.661a |
Rb | 868.799 ± 396.633a | 1737.315 ± 370.219b | 1026.536 ± 224.815a | 1747.380 ± 973.490b |
Sr | 2117.066 ± 392.312c | 1280.034 ± 481.129b | 2115.258 ± 479.396c | 787.041 ± 419.658a |
Sb | 0.235 ± 0.058a | 0.208 ± 0.055a | 0.341 ± 0.103b | 0.320 ± 0.144b |
La | 0.037 ± 0.016a | 0.069 ± 0.116ab | 0.180 ± 0.216bc | 0.267 ± 0.303c |
Tl | 0.098 ± 0.021a | 0.086 ± 0.020a | 0.162 ± 0.035c | 0.126 ± 0.049b |
Bi | 0.139 ± 0.052ab | 0.116 ± 0.058a | 0.314 ± 0.030c | 0.208 ± 0.215b |
U | 0.079 ± 0.137a | 0.039 ± 0.048a | 0.101 ± 0.096a | 0.339 ± 0.644b |
Ce | 0.078 ± 0.030a | 0.136 ± 0.216ab | 0.347 ± 0.423bc | 0.479 ± 0.544c |
Mg | 151019.9 ± 21284.1b | 138427.8 ± 17933.8b | 95179.5 ± 37276.6a | 93560.1 ± 13259.8a |
Sm | 0.042 ± 0.011a | 0.053 ± 0.028a | 0.109 ± 0.063b | 0.102 ± 0.075b |
Eu | 0.024 ± 0.006a | 0.031 ± 0.010ab | 0.049 ± 0.027c | 0.038 ± 0.016b |
Cs | 1.540 ± 0.543a | 4.431 ± 1.567c | 2.886 ± 1.900b | 6.219 ± 2.614d |
Zr | 1.475 ± 1.117a | 1.379 ± 0.645a | 2.705 ± 1.468b | 3.656 ± 2.397b |
Ga | 2.517 ± 0.572a | 2.977 ± 0.545a | 4.718 ± 3.304b | 3.223 ± 1.056a |
表3 前5个主成分的载荷矩阵及方差贡献率
Table 3 The component matrix and cumulative contributionof variance of the first five principle components
元素 | 主成分 Principle component |
| |||
Element | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Li | -0.615 | 0.495 | 0.274 | 0.262 | 0.217 |
Rb | -0.009 | -0.798 | 0.095 | -0.109 | 0.504 |
Sr | -0.209 | 0.748 | -0.327 | 0.059 | 0.355 |
Sb | 0.745 | 0.228 | 0.060 | -0.407 | 0.309 |
La | 0.854 | 0.143 | 0.420 | 0.103 | -0.042 |
Tl | 0.707 | 0.308 | -0.152 | -0.489 | 0.271 |
Bi | 0.418 | 0.299 | -0.545 | -0.386 | -0.007 |
U | 0.569 | 0.006 | 0.358 | 0.278 | -0.049 |
Ce | 0.825 | 0.164 | 0.424 | 0.058 | -0.035 |
Mg | -0.467 | 0.385 | 0.385 | 0.348 | 0.484 |
Sm | 0.907 | 0.126 | 0.032 | 0.278 | 0.047 |
Eu | 0.673 | -0.044 | -0.493 | 0.522 | 0.081 |
Cs | 0.386 | -0.765 | 0.078 | 0.029 | 0.344 |
Zr | 0.787 | 0.143 | 0.236 | 0.091 | -0.181 |
Ga | 0.332 | -0.131 | -0.764 | 0.496 | 0.072 |
方差贡献率 Variance (%) | 38.372 | 16.755 | 13.585 | 9.690 | 6.669 |
累计方差贡献率 Cumulative variance (%) | 38.372 | 55.127 | 68.713 | 78.402 | 85.071 |
表4 贺兰山东麓、昌黎、通化及云南红原产地葡萄酒的判别分析结果
Table 4 Classification results of wine samples from HL, SC, TH and YNH
| 预测组别 Predicted Group Membership | 总体 Total | |||||
贺兰山东麓 HL | 沙城 SC | 通化 TH | 云南红 YNH | ||||
回代检验 Original | 计数 Count | HL | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
SC | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | ||
TH | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | ||
YNH | 0 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 20 | ||
正确率 Accuracy/% |
| 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 95.0 | 98.8a | |
交叉检验 Cross-validated | 计数 Count | HL | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
SC | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | ||
TH | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 20 | ||
YNH | 0 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 20 | ||
正确率 Accuracy/% |
| 100.0 | 100.0 | 95.0 | 90.0 | 96.3b | |
判别模型 Discriminative Model | YHL = -14.707 - 1.177Zr + 16.305Li - 1.169Sr - 1.236Cs + 0.481Mg | ||||||
YSC = -2.958 - 0.979Zr - 0.117Li - 2.578Sr + 0.596Cs + 2.627Mg | |||||||
YTH = -8.746 + 0.741Zr - 10.220Li + 5.716Sr - 1.312Cs - 2.917Mg | |||||||
YYNH = - 6.255 + 1.415Zr - 5.968Li - 1.968Sr + 1.952Cs - 0.191Mg |