小气候对酿酒葡萄果实质量的影响
Table 2-1Introduction of test site
试验点 Test site | 海拔 Altitude(m) | 经度(东经) East longitude | 纬度(北纬) North latitude |
A | 1152 | 108°43′53″ | 34°59′02″ |
B | 1096 | 108°43′49″ | 34°58′58″ |
C | 818 | 108°50′20″ | 34°50′26″ |
表3-1 A小区葡萄园5~9月各土层土壤温度(温度:℃)
Table 3-1 May to September soil temperature indices of test site A
月份Month | 平均0cm地温 Mean soil surface temperature | 平均5cm地温 Mean temp. in 5cm depth soil layer | 平均10cm地温 Mean temp. in 10cm depth soil layer | 平均15cm地温 Mean temp. in 15cm depth soil layer | 平均20cm地温 Mean temp. in 20cm depth soil layer | 平均最低地温 Mean minimum temp. of soil surface | 平均最高地温 Mean maximum temp. of soil surface |
5月 May | 21.5 | 19.8 | 19.3 | 19.5 | 19.6 | 11.9 | 44.3 |
6月 Jun. | 24.0 | 21.8 | 21.4 | 21.5 | 21.7 | 15.5 | 42.0 |
7月 Jul. | 23.7 | 22.8 | 22.5 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 17.7 | 36.3 |
8月 Aug. | 22.1 | 21.6 | 21.4 | 21.7 | 21.7 | 17.3 | 30.3 |
9月 Sept. | 17.0 | 17.2 | 17.7 | 18.1 | 18.2 | 12.7 | 26.8 |
合计 Total | 108.3 | 103.2 | 102.3 | 103.7 | 104.1 | 75.1 | 179.7 |
表3-2 B小区葡萄园5~9月各土层土壤温度(温度:℃)
Table 3-2 May to September soil temperature indices of vineyardtest site B
月份Month | 平均0cm地温 Mean soil surface temperature | 平均5cm地温 Mean temp. in 5cm depth soil layer | 平均10cm地温 Mean temp. in 10cm depth soil layer | 平均15cm地温 Mean temp. in 15cm depth soil layer | 平均20cm地温 Mean temp. in 20cm depth soil layer | 平均最低地温 Mean minimum temp. of soil surface | 平均最高地温 Mean maximum temp. of soil surface |
5月 May | 21.0 | 20.2 | 19.4 | 19.8 | 18.6 | 12.2 | 43.7 |
6月 Jun. | 23.5 | 22.8 | 22.3 | 22.4 | 21.1 | 15.2 | 42.1 |
7月 Jul. | 24.4 | 24.7 | 23.3 | 23.5 | 22.7 | 17.4 | 38.7 |
8月 Aug. | 22.6 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 21.6 | 17.1 | 34.2 |
9月 Sept. | 17.1 | 18.4 | 18.5 | 19.0 | 18.8 | 12.5 | 31.0 |
合计 Total | 108.6 | 108.1 | 105.5 | 106.7 | 102.8 | 74.4 | 189.7 |
表 3-3 C小区葡萄园5~9月各土层土壤温度(温度:℃)
Table 3-3 May to September soil temperature indices of test site C
月份Month | 平均0cm地温 Mean soil surface temperature | 平均5cm地温 Mean temp. in 5cm depth soil layer | 平均10cm地温 Mean temp. in 10cm depth soil layer | 平均15cm地温 Mean temp. in 15cm depth soil layer | 平均20cm地温 Mean temp. in 20cm depth soil layer | 平均最低地温 Mean minimum temp. of soil surface | 平均最高地温 Mean maximum temp. of soil surface |
5月 May | 25.6 | 21.4 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 19.9 | 11.8 | 46.5 |
6月 Jun. | 28.1 | 23.8 | 22.7 | 22.3 | 21.8 | 16.0 | 46.3 |
7月 Jul. | 27.7 | 24.6 | 24.5 | 24.1 | 23.5 | 17.9 | 42.8 |
8月 Aug. | 23.2 | 22.7 | 22.3 | 21.8 | 21.6 | 18.8 | 32.0 |
9月 Sept. | 19.7 | 18.4 | 18.8 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 13.6 | 30.4 |
合计 Total | 124.3 | 110.9 | 108.8 | 107.4 | 105.4 | 78.1 | 198.0 |
图3-1 各点葡萄园地面温度日较差
表3-4 各小区葡萄园5~9月各温度指标(℃)
Table 3-4 May to September temperature indices of different testsite
温度指标 Temperature indices | 试验点 Test site | 月份 Month | 合计 Total | ||||
5月May | 6月June | 7月 July | 8月 August | 9月 September | |||
平均气温 Mean temperature | A | 18.1 | 20.9 | 22.3 | 20.4 | 16.1 | 97.8 |
B | 18.0 | 21.1 | 23.0 | 20.8 | 20.0 | 102.9 | |
C | 19.8 | 23.5 | 24.7 | 22.1 | 17.7 | 107.8 | |
平均最低气温 Mean minimum temperature | A | 11.4 | 15.4 | 17.8 | 16.9 | 12.5 | 74.0 |
B | 11.7 | 14.6 | 18.6 | 14.7 | 12.2 | 71.8 | |
C | 13.2 | 15.6 | 18.2 | 18.8 | 13.4 | 79.2 | |
平均最高气温 Mean maximum temperature | A | 27.2 | 30.6 | 30.6 | 27.0 | 23.0 | 138.4 |
B | 26.7 | 30.1 | 30.9 | 27.0 | 22.9 | 137.6 | |
C | 28.4 | 37.0 | 32.1 | 28.4 | 23.9 | 149.8 | |
≥10℃活动积温 ≥10℃ Active accumulated temperature | A | 545.2 | 625.3 | 691.5 | 632.0 | 466.4 | 2960.4 |
B | 549.9 | 632.7 | 706.5 | 627.3 | 490.8 | 3007.2 | |
C | 613.2 | 704.6 | 764.8 | 684.2 | 531.0 | 3297.8 |
Figure 3-2 Air temperature daily range ofdifferent test site
Figure3-3 May to September relative humidity of different test site
图3-4各点葡萄园5~9月日照时数
Figure3-4 May to September sunshine duration of different test site
图3-5各点葡萄园5~9月降雨量
Figure3-5 May to September precipitation of different test site
图3-6各点葡萄含糖量的变化
Figure3-6 The variation ofgrape reducing sugar content of different test site
Figure3-7 The variation ofgrape total acid content of different test site
表3-5 各点葡萄浆果理化指标
试验点 Test site | 可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solids content (%) | 还原糖含量 Reducing sugar content (g/L) | 含酸量 Total acid content (g/L) | 糖酸比 Sugar acid ratio | 单宁 Tannins (g/L) | pH | 出汁率 Juice extraction (%) |
A | 17.2 | 170.50** | 9.41** | 18.12** | 0.965** | 3.22* | 74.5* |
B | 18.0 | 178.00** | 8.57** | 20.77** | 1.001** | 3.28* | 75.6* |
C | 17.6 | 175.00** | 7.98** | 21.93** | 0.942** | 3.29* | 76.0* |
表3-6 葡萄浆果理化指标与各气象因子间的相关系数
Table3-6 Correlation coefficients between grape quality indicesand climatic factors
指标 Indices | 7月平均地面 最低温度 Jul. mean minimum temp. of soil surface | 8月气温 日较差 Aug. air temp. daily range | 8月平均10cm 地温 Aug. mean temp. in 10cm depth soil layer | 9月地面温度 日较差 Sept. Soil surface temp. daily range | 9月平均10cm 地温 Sept. mean temp. in 10cm depth soil layer | 9月平均15cm 地温 Sept. mean temp. in 15cm depth soil layer | 9月平均20cm 地温 Sept. mean temp. in 20cm depth soil layer |
含糖量 Reducing sugar content | -0.50000 | 0.70896 | 0.73704 | 1.00000** | 0.78034 | 0.99718* | 0.99718* |
糖酸比 Sugar acid ratio | 0.18549 | 0.07777 | 0.99949* | 0.75791 | 0.99940* | 0.80507 | 0.80507 |
单宁含量 Tannin content | -0.99985* | 0.96969 | -0.19960 | 0.51558 | -0.13402 | 0.44932 | 0.44932 |