医学英语中最常用的前后缀!!!!

6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)

含义 前（后）缀 示例
相反 dis- disease/disorder/disability
困难/障碍 dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea
不良 mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice
炎症 -it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis
瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma
血症 -emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia
痛 -algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer
麻痹 -plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia
流出 -rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea
坏死 -necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia
结石 litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes

7．与方位有关的前缀

含义 通用词 前缀 示例
上 upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal
下 lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous
前 front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis
/pre-
后 back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac
内 inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial
外 outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial
间 between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse
旁/副 on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal
周 around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum
中心 central centri-/centra- centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus
/centro-
反/对 opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/countershock/contraindication
注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位

8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀

含义 前（后）缀 示例
切除 -ectomy appendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy
切开 -tomy tracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy
切（割） -tome tracheotome/thoracotome
吻合 -stomy duodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy
成形术 -plasty tracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty
整（矫）形 ortho- orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy
造影 -graphy angiography/nephrography/phlebography
经… trans- transdominal/translateral/transurethral
注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）
-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy 心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。

9．与化学品有关的前（后）缀

含义 前（后）缀 示例
酸盐 ate sulfate/nitrate/acetate
醇 -ol alcohol/propanol/taxol
醛 -al retinal/methylal/propanal
酮 -one acetone/progesterone/ketone
糖 glyco- glycogenolysis
saccharo- saccharomyces
-saccharide polysaccharide
酶 -ase reductase/transminase/kinase
素 -in penicillin/heparin/nuclein
原 -gen allogen/antigen/glycogen
苯基/酚 phen-/pheno- phenol/phenate/phenetidin
氨基 amino- aminobenzene/aminopherase/aminopyrine

10．与“作用”有关的前（后）缀

含义 前（后）缀 示例
杀 -cide/-cidal insecticide/pesticide/bactericidal
抑 -stasis/-static bacteriostasis/virostatic/tuberculostatic
驱逐 -fuge febrifuge/centrifuge
抗 -anti antibiotic/antimycotic/antimutagen
去/脱/除 de- dehydroprednisone/detergent/desensitization
回/再/复 re- reabsorb/reactivation/recombinant
冷冻 cryo- cryobiology/cryopreservation/cryoprotectant
否/去/分离 dis- disinfection/dissociate/dissection
向后/退行 retro- retrograde/retrosternal/retrocardiac

学习了，O(∩_∩)O谢谢lz！