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klaidy

2008/01/16

Spectrophotometer 分光光度计
Measuring transmittance within a fairly narrow frequency band requires a suitable spectrophotometer in which the wavelength of the light source can be varied or restricted by the use of a 580-nm filter or a 530-nm filter for reading the absorbance in a tube assay.For the latter purpose,the instrument may be arranged to accept the tube in which incubation takes place (see Turbidimetric Assay Receptacles),to accept a modified cell fitted with a drain that facilitates rapid change of content,or preferably,fixed with a flow-through cell for a continuous flow-through analysis;set the instrument at zero absorbance with clear,uninoculated broth prepared as specified for the particular antibiotic,including the same amount of test solution and formaldehyde as found in each sample.
NOTE—Either absorbance or transmittance measurement may be used for preparing inocula.
在一个相当狭窄的频率波段中测量透光率要求一个适合的分光光度计,其光源的波长可以改变或者限制通过使用580nm或者530nm的过滤器来读取在管试验中。为了进一步的开展，该仪器可以被安排在接收该管在接种培育发生期间（见浊度法仪器），使用一个变形细胞具有排水功能的过滤器以便能快速促成改变内容物的量。或者更好的，通过持续的流通分析固定一个流通细胞，清楚的确定该仪器于0，对于制备确定的抗生素时不接种肉汤包括相同数量的试验溶液和当用甲醛溶解每个样品的时候。
注：制备接种体的吸光度和透光率。

The concept of “µg”of activity originated from the situation where the antibiotic preparation selected as the reference standard was thought to consist entirely of a single chemical entity and was therefore assigned a potency of 1000“µg”per mg.In several such instances,as a result of the development of manufacturing and purification methods for particular antibiotics,preparations became available that contained more than 1000“µg”of activity per mg.It was then understood that such preparations had an activity equivalent to a given number of “µg”of the original reference standard.In most instances,however,the “µg”of activity is exactly equivalent numerically to the µg (weight)of the pure substance.Complications arise in some situations,e.g.,where an antibiotic exists as the free base and in salt form,and the “µg”of activity has been defined in terms of one such form;where the antibiotic substance consists of a number of components having close chemical similarity but differing antibiotic activity;or where the potencies of a family of antibiotics are expressed in terms of a reference standard consisting of a single member which,however,might itself be heterogeneous.In such cases the “µg”of activity defined in terms of a “Master Standard”is tantamount to a “Unit.”The “µg”of activity should therefore not be assumed necessarily to correspond to the µg (weight)of the antibiotic substance.
“µg”概念来源于按照参考标准选择制备抗生素中考虑整个单一化学组成因此选定效力为1000µg/mg。在若干例子当中，由于制造上的发展和对于特殊抗生素的提纯方法的改进，如果每mg含有活性1000µg制备将进行得更有效.也可以这样理解为这样的的制备具有一个活性等同与一个给出“µg”数量的原始参考标准。在大部分情况下，尽管如此，活性“µg”是确切等于纯物质数量上的“µg”。在某些复杂性的情况下，例如：一个抗生素以单一形式和盐的形式存在下，活性“µg”曾按照这样的形式定义；当抗生素物质由许多成分组成具有接近化学特性但不同于抗生素的活性；或者抗生素种类的效价按照一个参考标准组成一个单一的品种，尽管如此，其本身也属不同种类。在这样的情况下活性“µg”按照Master standerd定义等同于一个“unit”。活性“µg”因此不能假定相当于抗生素的µg

PREPARATION OF THE STANDARD 标准溶液的制备
To prepare a stock solution,dissolve a quantity of the USP Reference Standard of a given antibiotic,accurately weighed,or the entire contents of a vial of USP Reference Standard,where appropriate,in the solvent specified in that table,and then dilute to the required concentration as indicated.Store in a refrigerator,and use within the period indicated.On the day of the assay,prepare from the stock solution 5or more test dilutions,the successive solutions increasing stepwise in concentration,usually in the ratio of 1:1.25for a cylinder-plate assay or smaller for a turbidimetric assay.Use the final diluent specified and a sequence such that the middle or median has the concentration designated.
制备储备溶液，取一定量所给的抗生素USP参考标准样品，精密称定，如果合适在工作台上按照规定的溶剂取一瓶USP参考标准品，
进行接种时按照要求的浓度进行稀释，放置于冰箱内储存。在使用期间进行培育，试验前几天从储备液中制备5倍或者更多的试验稀释液，相继地溶解，逐步地增加浓度，通常在管碟实验中按照比例为1：1.25的浓度而在浊度试验中较小于此比例。使用规定的最终稀释液或者一个已经标明浓度稀释液以便为了中间或中部的结果。

PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE 样品溶液的制备
From the information available for the preparation to be assayed (the “Unknown”),assign to it an assumed potency per unit weight or volume,and on this assumption prepare on the day of the assay a stock solution and test dilution as specified for each antibiotic but with the same final diluent as used for the USP Reference Standard.The assay with 5levels of the Standard requires only one level of the Unknown at a concentration assumed equal to the median level of the Standard.
根据有效的信息制备试验溶液，指定一个假定的每单位重量的效价或者体积，然后在假设的基础制备当天储备液试验和稀释溶液作为每一种抗生素指定的效价，但是当使用相同USP参考标准品的最终稀释液时，试验应使用平行5 的标准要求仅有一份未知的做为浓度等同于中部的标准。

相关话题

闲鹤野云

第1楼2008/01/16

朋友，你自己先给翻译一下如何，看看你的能力，然后我们帮助你。

0

roots

第2楼2008/01/16

对！~如果什么都不想就求助！
！~很容易产生惰性！

0

小鸟飞翔

第3楼2008/01/16

讲ug的，有时候翻译看楼主的知识面了

0

何当奇

第4楼2008/01/16

楼主等等，我明天看看。
今天看到的太晚了
klaidy 发表:The concept of “µg”of activity originated from the situation where the antibiotic preparation selected as the reference standard was thought to consist entirely of a single chemical entity and was therefore assigned a potency of 1000“µg”per mg.In several such instances,as a result of the development of manufacturing and purification methods for particular antibiotics,preparations became available that contained more than 1000“µg”of activity per mg.It was then understood that such preparations had an activity equivalent to a given number of “µg”of the original reference standard.In most instances,however,the “µg”of activity is exactly equivalent numerically to the µg (weight)of the pure substance.Complications arise in some situations,e.g.,where an antibiotic exists as the free base and in salt form,and the “µg”of activity has been defined in terms of one such form;where the antibiotic substance consists of a number of components having close chemical similarity but differing antibiotic activity;or where the potencies of a family of antibiotics are expressed in terms of a reference standard consisting of a single member which,however,might itself be heterogeneous.In such cases the “µg”of activity defined in terms of a “Master Standard”is tantamount to a “Unit.”The “µg”of activity should therefore not be assumed necessarily to correspond to the µg (weight)of the antibiotic substance.

0

何当奇

第5楼2008/01/17

在一个极为狭窄的频率波段中测量透光率需要一个适合的分光光度计,其光源的波长可以通过使用580nm或者530nm的过滤器来改变或者限制以读取试管试验中的吸光率。为了达到后者的要求，可以调整仪器以适应培育管（见浊度法仪器），来接受一个修饰细胞，此修饰细胞带有一个能加速内容交换的排水沟，或者更理想的是，用一个流动细胞来进行连续的流动分析。用特殊抗生素的配备方法来配备的，包括相同数量的在每个样品中检测到试液和甲醛，清澈的，未经变质处理的肉汤将仪器吸光率清零。
注：吸光率或者透射比都可用于制备接种体。
这个是 1

隔行如隔山，看的我是一头雾水。跟我理解的东西都对不上

0

poorlittle

第6楼2008/01/17

Does 5 levels mean “5个水平”? 在试验中, 如用到正交试验方法, level是指水平。

As I am not major in chemistry, the above is just a layman’s guess.
klaidy 发表:The assay with 5levels of the Standard requires only one level of the Unknown at a concentration assumed equal to the median level of the Standard.
试验应使用平行5 的标准要求仅有一份未知的做为浓度等同于中部的标准。

0

何当奇

第7楼2008/01/17

他这个内容也不是关于化学方面，貌似生物方面的。
看的很吃力。
楼主的翻译很像机器翻译的
poorlittle 发表:Does 5 levels mean “5个水平”? 在试验中, 如用到正交试验方法, level是指水平。

As I am not major in chemistry, the above is just a layman’s guess.

0

olympics08

第8楼2008/01/17

行业人士的翻译才具参考价值

0

poorlittle

第9楼2008/01/17

Suggestion---

For the latter purpose : 对于後者 (i.e. restricting the wavelength of the light source)

set the instrument at zero absorbance with clear,uninoculated broth …… : 以clear,uninoculated broth ……(为参考值?)将仪器的absorbance调为零

NOTE—Either absorbance or transmittance measurement may be used for preparing inocula : 注：制备接种体的吸光度和透光率。 (Did 楼主translate this with computer software?)
注： Absorbance or transmittance 皆可用于制备inocula
klaidy 发表:Spectrophotometer 分光光度计
Measuring transmittance within a fairly narrow frequency band requires a suitable spectrophotometer in which the wavelength of the light source can be varied or restricted by the use of a 580-nm filter or a 530-nm filter for reading the absorbance in a tube assay.For the latter purpose,the instrument may be arranged to accept the tube in which incubation takes place (see Turbidimetric Assay Receptacles),to accept a modified cell fitted with a drain that facilitates rapid change of content,or preferably,fixed with a flow-through cell for a continuous flow-through analysis;set the instrument at zero absorbance with clear,uninoculated broth prepared as specified for the particular antibiotic,including the same amount of test solution and formaldehyde as found in each sample.
NOTE—Either absorbance or transmittance measurement may be used for preparing inocula.
在一个相当狭窄的频率波段中测量透光率要求一个适合的分光光度计,其光源的波长可以改变或者限制通过使用580nm或者530nm的过滤器来读取在管试验中。为了进一步的开展，该仪器可以被安排在接收该管在接种培育发生期间（见浊度法仪器），使用一个变形细胞具有排水功能的过滤器以便能快速促成改变内容物的量。或者更好的，通过持续的流通分析固定一个流通细胞，清楚的确定该仪器于0，对于制备确定的抗生素时不接种肉汤包括相同数量的试验溶液和当用甲醛溶解每个样品的时候。
注：制备接种体的吸光度和透光率。

0

闲鹤野云

第10楼2008/01/17

PREPARATION OF THE STANDARD 标准溶液的制备
To prepare a stock solution,dissolve a quantity of the USP Reference Standard of a given antibiotic,accurately weighed,or the entire contents of a vial of USP Reference Standard,where appropriate,in the solvent specified in that table,and then dilute to the required concentration as indicated.Store in a refrigerator,and use within the period indicated.On the day of the assay,prepare from the stock solution 5or more test dilutions,the successive solutions increasing stepwise in concentration,usually in the ratio of 1:1.25for a cylinder-plate assay or smaller for a turbidimetric assay.Use the final diluent specified and a sequence such that the middle or median has the concentration designated.
准确称量一定量的抗生素USP参考标准样品或用一整瓶的相应抗生素USP参考标准样品，溶于表中描述的溶剂中，稀释到相应的浓度，制成储备液。将储备液在冰箱中冷藏并在指定的时间内使用。分析当日，用储备液制备5个或更多浓度的测试液。浓度逐步增加，其中量杯-平板法浓度稀释比例为1:1.25，而浊度分析法中稀释比例可以小些。使用规定的最终稀释液和分析顺序，以便于分析结果中值为需要的浓度。

0

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