【转帖】新的基因组研究提示肥胖基因有多样性

New Genomic Technique Reveals Obesity Gene Variants
新的遗传学技术揭示了肥胖基因的变异

ScienceDaily (Nov. 29, 2010) — Obesity is highly heritable, but so far genetic association studies have only explained a small fraction of this heritability. Now, in a study published in BioMed Central's open access journal Genome Biology, researchers have identified DNA variants in two nervous system genes that are associated with an excessively high BMI.
《科学日报.》在2010年11月29日报道 - 肥胖是高度遗传的，但到目前为止遗传关联研究只揭示了这种遗传本质一小部分。现在，在生物医学可以公开获取的杂志《Genome Biology》上的一项研究中，研究人员在两个神经系统基因已经证实了DNA的，它们与过高的与体重指数相关。

Kelly Frazer and colleagues from UC San Diego, Scripps Translational Science Institute and Sanofi-Aventis used a new approach that is likely to become popular in searching for hidden heritability: the resequencing of a candidate area of the genome in a large number of individuals followed by screening for genetic markers within this region that are associated with the disease or condition in question. Frazer said, "We sequenced two intervals encoding the enzymes FAAH and MGLL which modulate the levels of endocannabinoids present in the brain and peripheral tissues that are involved in the regulation of energy balance and appetite. The level of these endocannabinoids is high in obese patients, and thus these two enzymes provide strong candidates to examine for a genetic association with BMI."
来自美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校和斯克里普斯转化科学机构的Kelly Frazer和同事以及Sanofi - Aventis使用了一种新方法，它可能在寻找隐藏的遗传特性成为普及：在一个大量人群中重新对基因组的候选区域进行测序，然后再与该疾病有关基因区域寻找遗传标志物。Frazer说：“我们测序编码酶FAAH和MGLL的两个区间，它们是调节在大脑和周围组织内源性大麻素水平，参与能量平衡和调节食欲。这些内源性大麻素水平在参与的肥胖患者中具有高水平，这两种酶从而提供了强有力的候选基因，来解释与体重指数相关的遗传特性”。

In these two genes, the researchers were able to identify four regions associated with BMI: the FAAH promoter, MGLL promoter, MGLL intron 2, and an enhancer in the MGLL intron 3. Further testing of one of these regions revealed rare variants that were associated with increased levels of endocannabinoids in the plasma, which is consistent with previous findings. According to Frazer, "This is one of the first studies to use the new sequencing technologies to link rare and low frequency variants to a complex trait such as obesity and will be of particular interest to understand more comprehensively the role of inheritance in obesity, a rapidly rising serious health issue across the world."
在这两个基因，研究人员能够确定四个区域与BMI相关：FAAH启动子，MGLL启动子子，MGLL内含子2和MGLL增强子。这些区域的另一项测试显示，在血浆中存在内源性大麻素水平升高有关的罕见变异，这与以往的研究结果一致。Frazer说：““这是使用新的测序技术首次研究，把诸如肥胖少见的低频变异与复杂的通路相联系，并将特别关注的是要了解更全面的肥胖遗传性的作用，一这是一个在全球日益严重严重的健康问题。”

Editor's Note: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
编者按：本文并非旨在提供医疗咨询，诊断或治疗。

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/11/101129203332.htm

New Genomic Technique Reveals Obesity Gene Variants

ScienceDaily (Nov. 29, 2010) — Obesity is highly heritable, but so far genetic association studies have only explained a small fraction of this heritability. Now, in a study published in BioMed Central's open access journal Genome Biology, researchers have identified DNA variants in two nervous system genes that are associated with an excessively high BMI.

Kelly Frazer and colleagues from UC San Diego, Scripps Translational Science Institute and Sanofi-Aventis used a new approach that is likely to become popular in searching for hidden heritability: the resequencing of a candidate area of the genome in a large number of individuals followed by screening for genetic markers within this region that are associated with the disease or condition in question. Frazer said, "We sequenced two intervals encoding the enzymes FAAH and MGLL which modulate the levels of endocannabinoids present in the brain and peripheral tissues that are involved in the regulation of energy balance and appetite. The level of these endocannabinoids is high in obese patients, and thus these two enzymes provide strong candidates to examine for a genetic association with BMI."

In these two genes, the researchers were able to identify four regions associated with BMI: the FAAH promoter, MGLL promoter, MGLL intron 2, and an enhancer in the MGLL intron 3. Further testing of one of these regions revealed rare variants that were associated with increased levels of endocannabinoids in the plasma, which is consistent with previous findings. According to Frazer, "This is one of the first studies to use the new sequencing technologies to link rare and low frequency variants to a complex trait such as obesity and will be of particular interest to understand more comprehensively the role of inheritance in obesity, a rapidly rising serious health issue across the world."

Editor's Note: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

肥胖是遗传的？

应助达人

肥胖当然是有遗传的