This well-edited volume presents two chapters that introduce electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and emerging techniques for “nanoflow” electrospray and nine chapters on their applications. Of the latter, three chapters are devoted to advanced applications of electrospray that, although impressive and clearly presented, are probably still too specialized to be used by nonexperts. These include the use of Fourier transform mass spectrometry for rapid and quantitative proteomics, detection of noncovalent complexes of proteins (with a short section on complexes of nucleic acids), and ESI-MS studies of protein structure and dynamics by H/D exchange. Although the remaining chapters are more descriptive than instructional, they should be more directly useful to scientists interested in how ESI-MS can be used for the analysis, characterization, or pharmacokinetics of small-molecule drugs, for combinatorial chemistry, or for peptide and (glyco)protein analysis. All chapters are well supported by current references, all of which, commendably, include article titles. The first chapter, “Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: History, Theory, and Instrumentation” by Cody, is easily the most useful one in the book; even readers who are mainly interested in a specific application covered in one of the later chapters should read this first. Although it may not seem that the “history, theory, and instrumentation” of electrospray would deserve much coverage in a book devoted to applications, the author is careful to observe an applied context, leaving more technical details to nearly 500 references. For example, historical discussion of the development of electrospray interfaces for higher flow rates provides a framework for later descriptions of the desolvation process and ultimately helps the reader understand how to select an appropriate ESI source. Electrospray theory is discussed in just enough depth to elucidate the practical consequences of the ionization process, including applicability to different classes of analytes, limitations of dynamic range, compatibility with solvents and buffers, and the formation of multiply charged ions. A discussion of sensitivity is followed by the admonition that reports of very low “sample consumption” usually do not mean that very low concentrations were measured and that “practical detection limits depend on how easily one can handle small [volumes] of sample.” This chapter also includes an excellent discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the five main types of mass analyzers. A section on mass calibration, resolving power, and accurate mass measurements is supported by a very useful appendix that lists monoisotopic masses for 11 different series (clusters or polymers) of calibration compounds. The chapter concludes with a discussion of mathematical techniques for “deconvoluting” mass spectra containing multiple charge states of the same analyte, and an explanation of why this is a misnomer. The second chapter presents a similarly useful historical perspective on the development of “nanoflow” electrospray sources, including spray tips packed with chromatographic stationary phases. Although its coverage of these important recent developments is not comprehensive, this chapter nicely explains the concepts of concentration- versus mass flow-sensitive response and further illustrates the importance of considering the entire sample-handling protocol for analyses that require high practical sensitivity. Additional reinforcement of this pointwhich may be the most important single idea in the bookis provided by the final chapter, on the combination of microdialysis sampling with “microelectrospray” sources for neuropeptide and drug analysis. This chapter also clarifies the nomenclature most commonly used for different types of low flow sources. Applied electrospary mass spetrometry
This well-edited volume presents two chapters that introduce electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and emerging techniques for “nanoflow” electrospray and nine chapters on their applications. Of the latter, three chapters are devoted to advanced applications of electrospray that, although impressive and clearly presented, are probably still too specialized to be used by nonexperts. These include the use of Fourier transform mass spectrometry for rapid and quantitative proteomics, detection of noncovalent complexes of proteins (with a short section on complexes of nucleic acids), and ESI-MS studies of protein structure and dynamics by H/D exchange. Although the remaining chapters are more descriptive than instructional, they should be more directly useful to scientists interested in how ESI-MS can be used for the analysis, characterization, or pharmacokinetics of small-molecule drugs, for combinatorial chemistry, or for peptide and (glyco)protein analysis. All chapters are well supported by current references, all of which, commendably, include article titles. The first chapter, “Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: History, Theory, and Instrumentation” by Cody, is easily the most useful one in the book; even readers who are mainly interested in a specific application covered in one of the later chapters should read this first. Although it may not seem that the “history, theory, and instrumentation” of electrospray would deserve much coverage in a book devoted to applications, the author is careful to observe an applied context, leaving more technical details to nearly 500 references. For example, historical discussion of the development of electrospray interfaces for higher flow rates provides a framework for later descriptions of the desolvation process and ultimately helps the reader understand how to select an appropriate ESI source. Electrospray theory is discussed in just enough depth to elucidate the practical consequences of the ionization process, including applicability to different classes of analytes, limitations of dynamic range, compatibility with solvents and buffers, and the formation of multiply charged ions. A discussion of sensitivity is followed by the admonition that reports of very low “sample consumption” usually do not mean that very low concentrations were measured and that “practical detection limits depend on how easily one can handle small [volumes] of sample.” This chapter also includes an excellent discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the five main types of mass analyzers. A section on mass calibration, resolving power, and accurate mass measurements is supported by a very useful appendix that lists monoisotopic masses for 11 different series (clusters or polymers) of calibration compounds. The chapter concludes with a discussion of mathematical techniques for “deconvoluting” mass spectra containing multiple charge states of the same analyte, and an explanation of why this is a misnomer. The second chapter presents a similarly useful historical perspective on the development of “nanoflow” electrospray sources, including spray tips packed with chromatographic stationary phases. Although its coverage of these important recent developments is not comprehensive, this chapter nicely explains the concepts of concentration- versus mass flow-sensitive response and further illustrates the importance of considering the entire sample-handling protocol for analyses that require high practical sensitivity. Additional reinforcement of this pointwhich may be the most important single idea in the bookis provided by the final chapter, on the combination of microdialysis sampling with “microelectrospray” sources for neuropeptide and drug analysis. This chapter also clarifies the nomenclature most commonly used for different types of low flow sources. Applied electrospary mass spetrometry
Applied electrospary mass spetrometry
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