zhangyingfu138
第3楼2011/04/06
Limit of detection (LOD) is normally calculated from three times the
standard deviation (s) of the blank water signal counts, divided by the sensitivity factor based on analysis of a standard solution. Sensitivity means counts per unit concentration.
According to statistics, 7 repetitions are required to achieve the 95%
confidence level.
In order to understand the relationship between the LOD and the
integration time, the following example is used to illustrate this idea:
When counts are not high, the standard deviation (σ) is roughly equal to the square root of the signal of the blank. Assume that the sensitivity is 10,000 cps for 1 ppb, and the background is 5 cps. When the integration time is 10 seconds, the signal for a 1 ppb solution and the background will be 100,000 counts and 50 counts, respectively. The standard deviation will be the square root of 50 counts, which is 7.07. Then, the LOD is 0.21 ppt