【求助】council\committee\board 三个词

“董事会”最常见的翻译是board of directors
“理事会”经常翻译成a board of trustees
“委员会”常用committee和council

以下是网上搜来的：
board先从一块普通木板演变到普通的桌子（a table），而后又从桌子演变到围坐着委员会成员的桌子（ a table around whichmembers of a council sit），最后又演变成为控制或掌握某项事务或政府部门的一批人（a group of persons controlling a businessor a government department），也即“委员会”，“理事会”，“董事会”。如board of directors（董事会），board of education（教育委员会）， board of trade（贸易委员会）。

由上可见，board并非专指委员会/董事会/理事会。


晚上我回家翻翻商务英语词典，看还有没有其它解释。

补充一问：regulatory 和 management 在做“管理”一意时含以上有什么差别？

3x，happy
我对“board”这个词的疑问是源自Science Advisory Board，EPA下面的一个机构，我见有的网站翻译成理事会

前者是规章吧？

coun·cil (kounsl)
n.
1.
a. An assembly of persons called together for consultation, deliberation, or discussion.
b. A body of people elected or appointed to serve as administrators, legislators, or advisors.
c. An assembly of church officials and theologians convened for regulating matters of doctrine and discipline.
2. The discussion or deliberation that takes place in such an assembly or body.

Council, counsel, and consul are never interchangeable, though their meanings are related. Council and councilor refer principally to a deliberative assembly (such as a city council or student council), its work, and its membership. Counsel and counselor pertain chiefly to advice and guidance in general and to a person (such as a lawyer or camp counselor) who provides it. Consul denotes an officer in the foreign service of a country.

是，不过EPA有些机构习惯上我们一般叫“管理”，我待会找找手头上的资料

board：
An organized body of administrators or investigators: a board of trustees; a board of directors.

Banking Dictionary: Board of Directors
Governing body of a corporation, elected by shareholders to represent their interests in managing the firm. Directors adopt the bylaws and operating rules of a corporation, appoint its operating officers, and set the stock dividend rate paid to shareholders. Directors of national banks are required to own shares of stock in the bank and are elected by shareholders at an organizational meeting before the bank opens for business, and at regular annual meetings afterwards. Most large corporations have a certain number of Inside Directors who are also officers of the firm, and outside directors who are elected from the community at large. Each Federal Reserve Bank is governed by a nine-member board elected by Member Banks that own stock in the Reserve Bank in that region of the country. These boards have three separate classes of directors, who are named to serve three-year terms: Class A Directors, representing the member banks, and are usually bankers; and Class B Directors and Class C Directors, representing the interests of business, labor, and consumers. Class A and Class B directors are elected by member banks in a Federal Reserve district; Class C directors are named by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Directors appoint each Reserve Bank's president, and first vice president, who serve for five-year terms, and name the district's representatives to the Federal Advisory Council which advises the Board of Governors on policy issues relating to bank supervision and regulation.

个人理解：regulatory侧重于根据法规、条例、原则等监管，management侧重于HR方面。所以政府的监管部门是regulatory authority，而不用management authority。再比如药品注册就是跟着法规走，所以注册部用regulatory affairs department，而不用management department。

舶来品,所以从英文解释更全面一些.
参照中文可简单了解其差别:董事会是公司的权力机构，而理事会则是社会团体法人的权力机构，是为该法人确定团体发展方向，制定章程的一个组织机构。

我国的法人分为企业法人（营利法人）与非企业法人（非营利法人），公司属于企业法人，社会团体法人、机关法人、事业单位法人属于非企业法人。