固相微萃取SPME和同时蒸馏萃取SDE两种方式提取口香糖香气成分的粗略比较
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从上面的对比图看出来,两者的轮廓图(profile)差别较大,前面部分的香气化合物种类基本可以能对上,相似。固相微萃取SPME的峰数目多,峰也大一些,同时蒸馏萃取SDE的峰数目少,峰也小一些,特别是后段SDE缺失较多,SDE后段的峰也很小。可能由于水蒸气蒸馏不能把后面沸点高的组分蒸馏出来,对于这部分组分的效果较差。顶空固相微萃取SPME的效果这么好是原来没有想到的,居然后面的沸点高一些组分的提取效果很好,响应高。
2.2数据处理:
先用Amdis质谱数据解卷积处理质谱数据,减少本底干扰,对共流出峰拆分,提取出大峰下面的峰或隐藏在里面的色谱峰。同时用Amdis的MSL质谱数据库和工作站的PBM(L)质谱数据库检索,并结合保留指数来鉴定峰。所有保留指数均由标准样品测定。极少数没有保留指数的化合物,参照其它资料和以往的经验,在保证良好匹配度的情况下确认。由于FID的动态线性范围很宽,香气样品的含量范围较宽,一般用气相色谱FID来定量,而不用质谱总离子(TIC)来定量。用FID检测器的结果计算口香糖样品组分的含量。
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口香糖共鉴定了145个组分,其中固相微萃取SPME的鉴定组分数目为145,同时蒸馏萃取SDE的检出组分数目少,为92个,比前者少51个组分。
固相微萃取的检出灵敏度相对同时蒸馏萃取SDE要高,一些含量小的成分在同时蒸馏萃取SDE上面未捡到,但在固相微萃取SPME就检出了。例如下面这些组分:
METHYL ACETATE |
DIACETYL |
UNDECANE |
METHYLBUTYL ACETATE, 2 |
TERPINENE, GAMMA- |
BUTYL CAPROATE |
HEXYL BUTYRATE |
DIMETHYLSTYRENE, P- |
FURFURAL |
HEXENYL ISOVALERIANATE, 3Z- |
HEPTADIENAL, 2E,4E- |
ALCOHOL C 8 |
NONADIENAL, 2E,6Z- |
CARYOPHYLLENE |
METHYL NONENOATE-2 |
HEXYL CAPRONATE |
BICYCLOSESQUIPHELLANDRENE V, EPI- |
BUTYRIC ACID |
TOLYLALDEHYDE P- |
CRYPTONE / CYCLOHEXENONE, 4-ISOPROPYL-2- |
VALENCENE |
NAPHTHALENE |
DAMASCONE, CIS-BETA- |
HEXENYL LACTATE, 3Z- |
CUMINIC ALDEHYDE |
DAMASCONE, TRANS-ALPHA- |
ANETHOLE TRANS- |
CALAMENENE, CIS- |
IONONE, ALPHA- |
BENZYLALCOHOL |
IONONE, 3,4-DEHYDRO-BETA- |
ETHYLMALTOL |
ETHYLGUAIACOL, 4- |
CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE |
ALDEHYDE C16 SO CALLED Z |
LACTOJASMONE |
PELARGONIC ACID |
CADALINE |
CINNAMYL ISOBUTYRATE |
GLYCERIN DIACETATE (DIACETIN) |
ALDEHYDE C16 SO CALLED E |
GLYCERIN DIACETATE (DIACETIN) |
CAPRIC ACID |
ISOEUGENOL E |
HELIOTROPYL ACETATE |
HEXADECANOL |
ETHYL 3-METHYLIDENE-3-PHENYL LACTATE |
DODECALACTONE, DELTA- |
BENZOIC ACID |
LAURIC ACID |
PALMITIC ACID |
含量对比(部分举例)参见下表。此口香糖含清凉的薄荷酮,薄荷脑;含草莓特征的草莓醛,草莓酸,丰富的酯类香气物质等。
2.3 口香糖成分(只公布部分数据含量高的,请谅解)
表 口香糖成分表 (部分)
Name | RT | SPME(%) | SDE(%) | ||||
ETHYL BUTYRATE | 6.491 | 29.502 | 9.621 | ||||
ETHYL BUTYRATE | 6.491 | 29.502 | 9.621 | ||||
LIMONENE | 10.536 | 0.851 | 0.222 | ||||
METHYL THIOBUTYRATE | 10.536 | 0.086 | 0.086 | ||||
ETHYL CAPRONATE | 11.555 | 11.175 | 3.663 | ||||
HEXYL ACETATE | 12.863 | 9.218 | 3.350 | ||||
HEXENYL ACETATE, 3Z- | 14.501 | 15.131 | 6.921 | ||||
ALLYL CAPRONATE | 16.473 | 0.016 | 0.007 | ||||
HEXENOL, 3Z- | 16.882 | 22.667 | 10.330 | ||||
HEXENYL PROPIONATE, 3Z- | 16.882 | 0.018 | 0.011 | ||||
MENTHONE | 20.163 | 0.472 | 0.348 | ||||
ISOMENTHONE | 21.247 | 0.096 | 0.086 | ||||
MENTHOL | 26.757 | 0.400 | 1.029 | ||||
BENZYL ACETATE | 30.288 | 3.293 | 5.485 | ||||
TRIACETIN | 41.988 | 0.009 | 4.970 | ||||
METHYL CINNAMATE-E- | 42.176 | 0.574 | 18.539 | ||||
DECALACTONE, GAMMA- | 44.28 | 0.150 | 7.302 | ||||
STRAWBERIFF/METHYLPENTENOIC ACID, 2,2- | 36.986 | 0.022 | 1.385 | ||||
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