【资料】介词短语在句中分析与翻译的实例01

6．Modern Japan and other Oriental countries are emerging with the irresistible urge for better standards of living and anovel，　powerful role in the world’s economy．

　　在不可阻挡地迫切要求提高生活水平和在世界经济中发挥新的、强有力的作用的驱使下，现代的日本和其他东方国家正在崛起。(with．．．economy有条件状语的意味，用来修饰emerging。)　　


　7．Liquids，however，are highly incompressible；that is，very large pressures，of the order of thousands of tons per square inch，are required to diminish their volumes appreciably．
　　但是，液体是非常不易压缩的；要明显地压缩液体的体积，就需要巨大的压力，其数量级达每平方英寸几千吨。(介词短语of the order．．．inch是独立定语，修饰pressures。)　

　8．One suggestion has been the use of mixtures of two different types of insecticide，with the idea that one of them should eliminate the individuals resistant to the other．
　　有一种设想是使用两种不同类型的混合杀虫剂，其想法是如果害虫对其中之一有抗药性，那么另一种就能杀死它。(介词短语with the idea一．the other作two types of insecticide的定语，对它作补充说明。that引导的从句作idea的同位语。resistand to the other是形容词短语作individuals定语。)　　

　9．The side of Mercury which is turned away from the sun remains in eternal darkness，with a temperature only a few degrees above absolute zero．
　 水星背向太阳的那一面，却永远处于黑暗之中，那里的温度仅比绝对零度高几度。(with a temperature above对the side of Mercury补充说明。)　

10．No distinction can be drawn between pure and applied science in terms of differences in the training or competence of workers，　or in organization，　or in method，or even in the immediate outcome of the work．

不能根据工作人员的训练程度和资格、组织机构、研究方法甚至研究工作的直接成果等方面的差别来划分理论科学与应用科学的界线。(between．一science作定语，修饰distinction。in terms of．．．作状语，说明can be drawn。)　

　11．An object with at least one easily measurable property which changes apprecially while the obiect is coming to thermal equilibrium may be used as a temperature-measuring device，or thermometer．
　　当一种物质进入热平衡时，至少具有一种变化显著因而易于测量的特性，这种物质可用来作为测温装置，即温度计。(with一．equilibrium用作定语，修饰An object。)　

　12．If we could go on an imaginary journey from the surface to the centre of a star such as the Sun，we would find a steady increase in temperature and pressure．
　　如果我们能从像太阳这样的恒星的表面到其中心作一次想像的旅行，我们会发现温度和压力将持续不断地增加。(from．．．to．．．the Sun用作定语，修饰journey。)　　

13．The fact that a compass needle assulnes a northsouth direction leads to the conclusion that the earth must be a magnet，　with the space all around it constituting a huge magnetic field．
　　指南针指向南北方向这一事实可导出这样的结论：地球必定是一个磁体，地球周围的所有空间构成了一个巨大的磁场。(句中两个that引导的都是同位语从句。with．．．field是分词复合结构，起补充说明作用。)

14．The second aspect is the application by all members of society，from the government officials to the ordinary citizen，of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their　work。
　　第二方面涉及从政府官员到普通公民等所有社会成员运用科学家在工作中所用的思维和行动的特定方法。(from．。．to．．．作非限定性定语修饰members。by和of所引导的两个介词短语均修饰the application，of．．．短语被两个介词短语分隔开了。)

15．Chemistry has two main aspects：descriptive chemistry，the discovery and tabulation of chemical facts；and theoretical chemistry，the formulation of theories that，upon verification，unify these facts and combine them into a system。
　　化学有两个主要方面：叙述性化学，即化学事实的发现和制表；理论化学，即对化学理论的系统阐述，根据验证把化学事实统一起来，从而归纳成一个体系。(the discovery．．．facts是descriptive chemistry的同位语，the formulation．．．a system是theoretical chemistry的同位语，其中that引出定语从句，upon verification用作状语。)　

　16．Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them．