【讨论】翻译 Rationale for Dermal Absorption Factor for Carbofuran Used in Risk Assessments

executive summary 翻译成 执行摘要对不对？

1)    The test article was carbofuran technical rather than a formulation or dilution of the formulation. EPA Dermal Penetration (i.e., adsorption) guidelines (OPPTS 870.7600) specify that the vehicle system used for this study should “duplicate” that under which field exposure occurs. The basic vehicle is usually the material used in the commercial formulation.”
检测物质为carbofuran原药而不是一个制剂，或者制剂的稀释液。EPA 皮肤渗透（如吸收）准则(OPPTS 870.7600)明确说明用于本实验的介质应“加倍”田间发生的曝露。基础介质通常为商品制剂中的所用的物质。

“duplicate” 亦可解作重复, 不知这里是不是这个意思, 或"模拟"?

Field亦可解作现场、实地。

嗯，是有重复的意思。

不过毒性试验里，实验室的毒性跟田间有很大区别，田间所受到的影响因子太多，因此需要增大实验室内毒性系数，以为后面的风险评估提供依据。
Field 我在药效方面是翻译成田间。农药试验有室内和田间两种。

I see. I did not aware that this was about pesticide.

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Last month, I took a tour in New Zealand and experienced the feeling of standing on the field. As a person spending the whole life in city, the real “field” (原野、田间) and “farm” (农庄) are very impressive.

那是做梦的地方啊

poorlittle(poorlittle) 发表:
I see. I did not aware that this was about pesticide.

= = = = = =

Last month, I took a tour in New Zealand and experienced the feeling of standing on the field. As a person spending the whole life in city, the real “field” (原野、田间) and “farm” (农庄) are very impressive.

2)    The vehicle used in the study, acetone, enhanced dermal absorption of the test material beyond what would reasonably be expected. Carbofuran is an insoluble solid, formulated as a water-based suspension that contains no acetone or organic solvents. EPA Dermal Penetration guidelines specifically state that “a neutral suspending agent which does not interact with the test chemical of affect the permeability of the skin - - may be used. However, organic solvents or special solubilizing/suspending agents must not be used.” 本实验中所使用的介质，丙酮，增强了实验物质合理预期的皮肤吸收。Carbofuran 是一个不溶性固体，制剂为不含丙酮或有机溶剂的水基悬浮液。EPA经皮渗透准则明确指出 可以使用一个不与检测物质反应而影响皮肤的渗透性的中性悬浮剂。但是严禁使用有机溶剂或特殊的增溶剂/悬浮剂。

It is relevant to note that no end-use formulations of carbofuran contain acetone or any other organic solvent.
需要注意的是，carbofuran的终端制剂中都没有含丙酮或任何其它有机溶剂

3)    In contrast to the EPA guidelines for a Dermal Penetration study, the skins of the animals used in the study were not washed at the end of the exposure period, which tends to over estimate the amount absorbed.
相对于 EPA皮肤渗透实验准则，本实验所使用的动物在曝露末期没有洗去实验物质，会使所吸收的量过度。